IUDs generally do not cause bleeding after penetrative vaginal sex. However, you may be more likely to experience IUD-related bleeding in the weeks following insertion.

An IUD is a small, T-shaped device inserted into the uterus by a healthcare professional. IUDs are safe for most people. However, they can cause some side effects.

After you have your IUD inserted, you may experience heavy periods and breakthrough bleeding for three to six months. This bleeding is usually heaviest in the hours and days after insertion.

Copper IUDs also raise your risk of heavy bleeding, cramping, and backaches during menstruation beyond the first three to six months. Hormonal IUDs tend to make your periods lighter and less painful over time.

If you experience pain during penetration as well as unusual bleeding, it could be a sign that your IUD has moved out of place.

Make an appointment with the physician who inserted your IUD or another healthcare professional so they can check its placement and reposition it if needed. They can also rule out other possible causes of your pain.

In most cases, occasional bleeding after sexual activity isn’t a cause for concern. It’s often related to vaginal dryness or friction during penetration, which can result in small tears inside the vaginal canal or irritate the cervix.

You may be more likely to experience spotting or light bleeding after sex if you are at the beginning or end of your menstrual cycle. Other reasons for post-coital bleeding include:

If bleeding, pain, or other unusual symptoms persist, consider making an appointment with a healthcare professional.

They can confirm the placement of your IUD with a pelvic exam and, in some cases, a transvaginal or abdominal ultrasound. They may also have you provide a urine sample to definitively rule out pregnancy.

Your healthcare professional may also collect other samples from your vagina, cervix, or uterus to check for STIs or other conditions.

If you’re premenopausal, occasional bleeding after sex is relatively common. Consult a doctor or other healthcare professional if bleeding is frequent, heavy, or accompanied by other symptoms. If you have pain or discomfort, a healthcare professional may need to check the placement of your IUD.